Security agencies are looking into reports that a frontier triangle linking Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay has become a nexus for al-Qaida activities with alleged armament and training of Latin American youths and planning of cross-border attacks.
No independent official confirmation of reports was immediately available but the Brazilian Veja magazine cited police and security forces that were alerted to the activities of at least 20 high-ranking operatives of three organizations -- al-Qaida, Hamas and Hezbollah.
Reports of possible Middle Eastern terror links with the area first emerged after the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks on the United States, re-emerged last year but were dismissed amid concerns the allegations would alienate and anger local communities of Arab descent, most of them Christian.
More recent reports cited activities by al-Qaida and Iran-linked groups that likely used connections among non-Christian Middle Eastern communities.
Community leaders countered previous allegations as inspired propaganda which, they warned, could damage inter-faith and inter-racial relations.
The reports also cited large quantities of cash changing hands and deals with arms suppliers, several of which are linked to supplies of weapons manufactured locally in Latin America.
Analysts said the reports still need to be treated with caution. A spate of recognitions by regional governments of a Palestinian state in borders before the 1967 war gave rise to speculation the Latin American states could be tilting toward the Palestinian position on ways of resolving the Arab-Israeli disputes.
The wave of recognitions hasn't affected the current Middle East stalemate, though it has raised the stakes in the diplomatic and political jockeying for influence between Israel and the Arab-Palestinian side.
The renewed allegations of terror links in the region again shifted the spotlight on Arab communities in the area. Brazil earlier discounted reports of suspect activities, pointing out that large money transfers between the local Arab communities and the Middle East was a normal activity that had gone on for years.
Veja said the intelligence agencies' interest was focused on Mohsen Rabbani, a former Iranian cultural attache at the Iranian Embassy in Buenos Aires, in connection with 1992 and 1994 incidents targeting Argentina's Jewish communities.
Veja said Brazilian intelligence had tracked Rabbani's alleged role in recent travel to a meeting in Iran by more than 20 young men from the Sao Paulo area.
The magazine said other individuals of Arab descent were suspected of activities considered inappropriate and claimed that both the Lebanese Hezbollah organization and Palestinian group Hamas had set up operations in the border region.
The so-called Triple Frontier has long held reputation as South America's busiest contraband and smuggling hub with unbridled trade in arms, bootleg liquor, drugs and pirated software.
The area came under close surveillance by U.S., other international and regional intelligence agencies after 9/11.
Brazil latest base for Islamic extremists
With preparations for the 2014 World Cup in Brazil and the 2016 Olympic Games in Rio de Janeiro well under way, security experts have expressed fears that terrorists are “taking advantage” of weaknesses in the country’s laws.
Brazil has not passed any specific anti-terrorism legislation, does not recognize Hizbollah or Hamas as terrorist groups and disbanded the Federal Police’s anti-terrorism service in 2009.
Now, Veja, a weekly news magazine, has had access to reports compiled by the service as well as documents about the terrorist threat sent to Brazil by the FBI, CIA, Interpol and the US Treasury.
It says the papers show 21 men linked to Islamic extremist groups including al-Qaeda, have been using Brazil for various purposes including controlling inflows of money and planning attacks.
They include Khaled Hussein Ali, who was born in Lebanon but now lives in Sao Paulo, Brazil’s biggest city, from where he runs an internet cafe.
However, according to Veja he is also in control of an online communications arm of al-Qaeda called Jihad Media Battalion, which has a presence in 17 countries around the world and spreads communications from al-Qaeda leaders as well as publicising attacks.
Another of those named is Mohsen Rabbani, an Iranian wanted by Interpol as the suspected architect of bombings on Jewish targets in Buenos Aires in the 1990s that killed 114 people.
According to the documents, he frequently slips in and out of Brazil on a false passport and has recruited at least 24 youngsters in three Brazilian states to attend “religious formation” classes in Tehran.
“Without anybody noticing, a generation of of Islamic extremists is appearing in Brazil,” said Alexandre Camanho de Assis, who co-ordinates Brazil’s network of public prosecutors across 13 states.
The papers also show that the US Treasury described the poorly policed Tri-border area, where Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay meet, as a “financial artery” for Hizbollah.
Daniel Lorenz, a former head of the Federal Police’s intelligence department and now Security Secretary for the Federal District, that includes the capital Brasilia, warned that Brazil risks being caught out.
“The terrorists are taking advantage of the fragility of Brazilian legislation,” he said.
Al Qaeda aqcuiring arms from Libya claims Algerian source-US asks Libyan opposition about Al Qaeda reports
The United States has raised concerns with the Libyan opposition about reports of al Qaeda obtaining weapons in eastern Libya, State Department spokesman Mark Toner said on Monday, April 4.
"We are aware of these reports too and it has been one of the topics of our conversation with ... the opposition forces," Toner told reporters. "We have made very clear our concerns and they have ... pledged that they will look into it."
A senior security source in neighboring Algeria told Reuters that Al-Qaeda is exploiting the conflict in Libya to acquire weapons, including surface-to-air missiles, and smuggle them to a stronghold in northern Mali.
Western governments have demanded that Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi step down after his forces cracked down on a revolt against his rule, but some governments in the region are nervous that al-Qaeda could step into a power vacuum.
Toner said he did not know whether the U.S. government had its own information suggesting al-Qaeda was obtaining arms in Libya or whether its concerns were based on published reports.
Algeria, which has been fighting al-Qaeda's north African wing for years and closely monitors insurgent activity across north Africa and the Sahara, says there are already signs that this is happening.
Algeria's government has watched with concern as its eastern neighbors have been convulsed by popular uprisings, and is anxious that discontent over living conditions and limits on political freedoms could spark a similar revolt.
Security officials took the rare step of voicing their concerns about Libya to the foreign media because they are worried that events there could reverse their gains in keeping a lid on al-Qaeda inside the country.
The senior official, speaking on condition of anonymity, said a convoy of eight Toyota pick-up trucks left eastern Libya, crossed into Chad and then Niger, and from there into northern Mali where in the past few days it delivered a cargo of weapons.
The weapons included Russian-made RPG-7 anti-tank rocket-propelled grenades, Kalashnikov heavy machine guns, Kalashnikov rifles, explosives and ammunition, he said.
He also said he had information that Al-Qaeda's north African wing, known as al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) had acquired from Libya Russian-made shoulder-fired Strela surface-to-air missiles known by the NATO designation SAM-7.
"Several military barracks have been pillaged in this region (eastern Libya) with their arsenals and weapons stores and the elements of AQIM who were present could not have failed to profit from this opportunity" the official told Reuters
"AQIM, which has maintained excellent relations with smugglers who used to cross Libya from all directions without the slightest difficulty, will probably give them the task of bringing it the weapons," said the senior Algerian security official.
The official made no suggestion that the Libyan government was supplying weapons to al-Qaeda.
Security worries
Algeria has spent most of the past two decades fighting an Islamist insurgency inside its own borders. The violence has subsided, but officials believe instability in neighboring Libya could allow the insurgency to flare up again.
Security officials in north Africa and beyond say the best way to contain al-Qaeda is to keep a tight rein on the availability of weapons and stop insurgents crossing desert borders -- measures jeopardized by Libya's revolt.
Algerian Prime Minister Ahmed Ouyahia, discussing the Libya conflict last week, said that the government was concerned about the implications for the fight against al-Qaeda.
The interior minister, Daho Ould Kablia, last month said that an AQIM operative was arrested in the Sahara desert after crossing the border from Libya.
Algeria's government opposed the Western-led military intervention in Libya, with Foreign Minister Mourad Medelci saying air strikes on Libya were "disproportionate."
Another Somalia?
Samer Riad, a journalist with Algeria's El Khabar newspaper who specializes in security issues, said there was a danger al-Qaeda could capitalize on the conflict in Libya in the same way it did in Somalia.
"Transforming Libya into a Somalia is very easy. All the coalition has to do is turn a blind eye to AQIM's activity in Libya now," he said.
The Algerian security official said al-Qaeda was exploiting disarray among forces loyal to Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi but had also infiltrated the anti-Gaddafi rebels in eastern Libya.
"We understand that AQIM is evolving with ease among the rebels and is taking advantage to acquire the most sophisticated weapons such as SAM-7s (surface-to-air missiles)," said the official.
Libya's rebel administration says suggestions it is linked to al-Qaeda are a "fallacy" which plays into the hands of Gaddafi, who has said the people who revolted against his rule are al-Qaeda militants.
But a senior NATO commander has acknowledged the presence of "flickers" of al-Qaeda among the anti-Gaddafi rebels in eastern Libya, though he stressed the group did not play a significant role.
The Algerian security official said Western states had to realize that if Gaddafi's government fell, al-Qaeda could exploit the resulting chaos to extend its influence to the Mediterranean coast, just a few km (miles) from Europe.
"If the Gaddafi regime goes, it is the whole of Libya -- in terms of a country which has watertight borders and security and customs services which used to control these borders -- which will disappear, at least for a good time, long enough for AQIM to re-deploy as far as the Libyan Mediterranean."
"The coalition forces must make an urgent choice. To allow chaos to settle in ... or to preserve the Libyan regime, with or without Gaddafi, to restore the pre-uprising security situation," the official told Reuters.
'Al-Qaeda snatched missiles' in Libya
AL-QAEDA'S offshoot in North Africa has snatched surface-to-air missiles from an arsenal in Libya during the civil strife there, Chad's President says.
Idriss Deby Itno did not say how many surface-to-air missiles were stolen, but told the African weekly Jeune Afrique that he was "100 percent sure" of his assertion.
"The Islamists of al-Qaeda took advantage of the pillaging of arsenals in the rebel zone to acquire arms, including surface-to-air missiles, which were then smuggled into their sanctuaries in Tenere," a desert region of the Sahara that stretches from northeast Niger to western Chad, Deby said in the interview.
"This is very serious. AQIM is becoming a genuine army, the best equipped in the region," he said.
His claim was echoed by officials in other countries in the region who said that they were worried that al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) might have acquired "heavy weapons", thanks to the insurrection.
"We have sure information. We are very worried for the sub-region," a Malian security source who did not want to be named said.
AQIM originated as an armed Islamist resistance movement to the secular Algerian government.
It now operates mainly in Algeria, Mauritania, Mali and Niger, where it has attacked military targets and taken civilian hostages, particularly Europeans, some of whom it has killed.
"We have the same information," about heavy weapons, including SAM 7 missiles, a military source from Niger said.
"It is very worrying. This overarming is a real danger for the whole zone," he added
"AQIM gets the weapons in two ways; people go and look for the arms in Libya to deliver them to AQIM in the Sahel, or AQIM elements go there themselves."
Elsewhere in the interview, Chad's president backed the assertion by his neighbour and erstwhile enemy Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi that the protests in Libya have been driven in part by al-Qaeda.
"There is a partial truth in what he says," Deby said.
"Up to what point? I don't know. But I am certain that AQIM took an active part in the uprising."
After years of tension between the two nations, which were at war during part of the 1980s, Deby has more recently maintained good relations with Gaddafi.
The Chadian leader described the international military intervention in Libya, launched a week ago by the United States, France and Britain, as a "hasty decision".
"It could have heavy consequences for the stability of the region and the spread of terrorism in Europe, the Mediterranean and the rest of Africa," he cautioned.
Deby denied assertions that mercenaries had been recruited in Chad to fight for Gaddafi, though some of the several thousand Chad nationals in Libya may have joined the fight "on their own".